Intrinsic discolouration --
Changes in the thickness of the dental hard
tissues would result in intrinsic discolouration. There are a few causative
factors that may act locally or systematically, affecting only a single tooth
or all teeth and cause discolouration as a result. Several diseases that are
known to affect the developing dentition especially during enamel and dentine
formation can lead to discolouration as well.
Causes of
intrinsic staining include :::
- Dental
caries Dental Caries -- (tooth decay).
- Dental Trauma -- which
may cause staining either as a result of necrosis of the pulp tissue, as a
result the tooth may become darker without pulp necrosis.
- Eanmel
Hypoplasia.
- Hyperemia
- Fluorosis.
- Dentinogenesis
Imperfecta.
- Tetracyclin or Minocycline --
Tetracycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic and its derivative minocycline
is common in the treatment of acne. The drug is able to chelate
calcium ions and is incorporated into teeth, cartilage and bone. Ingestion
during the years of tooth development causes yellow-green discoloration of
dentin visible through the enamel which is fluorescent under ultraviolet
light. Later, the tetracycline is oxidized and the staining becomes more
brown and no longer fluoresces under UV light.
- Prophyria
- Hemolytic
disease of the newborn.
- Root
resorption.
- Alkaptonuria ( a Metabolic
disorder ) -- which promotes the accumulation of homogentic acid in
the body and may cause brown colour pigmentation in the teeth, gums and
buccal mucosa.
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